Overview

⬅ Back to Lander

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= Overview =

This article serves as a tutorial to cover everything you should know, and is aimed at newcomers to the service.


 * Overview
 * Main Concepts in NovelAI
 * AI Writing Essentials
 * Data and Privacy
 * Customization

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Main Concepts in NovelAI
This section will explain the basics of NovelAI, from the interface to the basic workings.

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Input Field
This section of the interface is used to control the edit history of the Story, as well as being a place to type inputs for the AI.

The edit history can be thought of as a timeline - every change you make is a step forward in the timeline. Undoing will take a step backward, Redoing will take a step forward, and Retry will request a new generation attempt. The Retry Tree is basically a way to check all the changes for the current point in the timeline. You can undo to go back, and then redo back to the point where you made your retries.



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Story Library


Also known as the 'left panel', this part of the interface controls everything outside of your Story. This includes the Settings menu, as well as the list of your Stories.

The menu icon (Ξ) contains the Settings menu, and is also where you can log out. Below them is the Search Field (🔍), which allows you to search through your Story collection by typing next to the magnifying glass.

Every Story displays its Title, Description, the date it was last edited, and whether or not it's marked as a Favorite. The Title and Description can be modified by switching to the Story, then adjusting them in the Story Options. You can switch to a Story by simply clicking on it in the Story Library.

A new Story can be started by selecting the New Story button (+), found at the bottom of the Story Library.

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Story Options
This section of the interface, also known as the 'right panel', controls settings specific to your currently active Story. There are two tabs here - Story and Options.

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Color Code
NovelAI uses four colors to determine the source of a block of text.

Keep in mind these colors are used on the default theme, and might change if you edit the theme.
 * Gray represents the initial Prompt. (First thing you wrote before the first AI response.)
 * White represents the text generated by the AI.
 * Green represents the text generated by the AI that was modified.
 * Blue represents user input. It will only appear if you write something at the end.

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Tokens


Tokens are how the AI sees pieces of text. Think of it as the AI equivalent of a morpheme, the smallest unit of text that carries meaning.

The AI reads your input text and cuts it up into Tokens. It then analyses the relationships between Tokens to determine if it should choose one over the other.

Effectively, the AI tries to replicate human language by cutting text into pieces and seeing what pieces tend to be close to one another.

Tokenizing
Tokenizing is the act of taking text and cutting it up into Tokens. Tokens can be single letters, groups of letters, words, but also punctuation and other symbols.

Generally, short, common words Tokenize neatly while rare, longer words tend to be cut up into multiple pieces. Punctuation, linebreaks, and symbols, usually are one Token per instance, and all of these also carry meaning!

The amount of Tokens available to you is limited, so it's important to learn how to write effectively to help the AI keep more in its Memory.

Efficiently using the Tokenizer
In order to use the Tokenizer efficiently for things you want to keep short (such as the Context Memory, or the Author's Note), make sure to write in short sentences using simple words, finished with full stops.

Different symbols and linebreaks have different uses. For example:

1. Commas generally mean the current clause will change.

2. Full Stops/Periods (.) generally mean the sentence has concluded, leading to a new one starting, or the speaker changing.

3. Ellipses (...) generally mean the sentence is trailing off, and another one should begin (usually from someone else)

4. Semicolons signal a strong break in the sentence, and is usually for lists of long elements.

Because NovelAI works by identifying links between Tokens, including a Token will cause it to have a higher chance of appearing. This means that writing, a negative, will cause the AI to still consider   as a possibility.

This is similar to ironic process theory. Instead, you should phrase positively -  - where possible.

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Context


The Context represents all the Tokens the AI has in its Memory to prepare the next generation.

Depending on your account, the maximum amount of Tokens that can fit in that Context varies. You can view both the Current Context and the Last Context in the Context section of the Options panel.



The Context helps the AI understand the current writing style, the characters involved, the situation, and many other things.

Elements
The Context is built from four blocks.
 * The Memory.
 * The Lorebook entries that have been triggered.
 * The remaining text that can fit.
 * The Author's Note, inserted three new-lines before the end of the text.

Author's Note
The Author's Note, or "A/N" is a comment which serves to describe how the AI should write in terms of style. By default, the A/N is inserted three newlines from the bottom, though its position may be adjusted for a stronger (closer to the bottom) or a weaker (further to the top) effect.



It's best to avoid full sentences when writing your AN. Instead, stick to adjectives to explain how the style should be.

You can also use the Author's Note to signal what perspective the text should be in, or give the AI orders to perform quick changes.

Here is an example:

[Style: Grandiloquent, Inventive, Purple Prose;Use Third Person Perspective;Switch to Antiquated dialogue:"Ye Olde English";]

Memory


The Memory is inserted at the top of the Context by default, though its position may be adjusted for a stronger (closer to the bottom) or a weaker (further to the top) effect. It is mostly used to give broad Context information.

Use it to keep important things in the AI's mind regardless of the current situation. It is also useful for starting a story without prior inputs.

It is best to use short, curt sentences focusing on the most important details, and to update it regularly.

Here is an example:

[Ja'arkael is male night elf, rival is Yaenaen. Yaenaen is female human. Ja'arkael and Yaenaen want artifact from dungeon.]

Leaking
"Leaking" is a minor anomaly where contents of the Memory or Author's Note, which is likely to be written differently than the rest of the text, shows up in the AI's generated text.

The mighty warlord turned to face his foe.

Style: Epic, Grandiose, Wuxia; With the size of NovelAI's Context window, this only rarely happens. If it is a recurring issue, you can open and close the Memory and Author's Note with with square brackets: [ and ]. This is used in the earlier examples.

You can omit them to save a few Tokens.

Limits of Context
NovelAI's Context window is limited by it's AI model's. The maximum ceiling is set at 2048 Tokens, which is around 8500 to 9500 characters depending on what has been written.

Depending on your subscription level, your Token ceiling might be lower (1024). If the Token ceiling is reached, less of the main text will be used as part of the Context, to ensure there is room for the Memory, the Author's Note, and any Lorebook entries necessary.

It is also important to note that GPT models are text prediction AIs. Such a model has no formal understanding of grammar or syntax. Instead, it operates on intertwinning probabilities to replicate human language and its structure.

As a result, it does not fundamentally understand what you write. It only knows what is likely to appear in the Context of the words you have written.

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Input and Output


The input is all the Tokens you send to the AI. The Output is the Tokens the AI sends back to you, also known as a Completion. This section explains what the buttons of the interface do.

Send ➡
This sends the Current Context to the AI, and asks it to respond.

You can find what the Current Context is by opening the story tab and clicking View Current Context at the bottom.

You can also check what Context was sent for your last output with View Last Context.

Retry 🔁


Deletes the latest output and creates a new one.

Every time you click Retry, the counter next to the Redo button increments by 1. By clicking that counter, you can access all the previous tries the AI offered. This is known as the Retry Tree.

If you edit the text in any way, this counter will reset. If you click Retry after that, it will act as if you pressed Send instead. Don't panic! Just read the Undo/Redo section.

Undo and Redo ↩ ↪
↩ Undo moves one step back in the edit history.

↪ Redo moves one step forward in the edit history.

If you edit the text, you cannot Redo. (Think of it like time travel!)

If you modify the text after doing retries, you can Undo until you go back to the moment you made these retries to access the Retry Tree again.

Pressing Enter
If you press Enter in the input box, it will send the input. If you want to create a linebreak, hold SHIFT then press Enter.

If you enter text in the main text box and want to ask the AI to generate, you can hold CTRL then press Enter. Pressing Enter in the main text box creates a linebreak.

Consult the Shortcuts and Hotkeys page for more detail.

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Priority
IMAGE HERE WHEN UI IS READY

Priority only has three numbers you need to worry about:


 * Your Max Priority Actions. (MPA)


 * Your Priority Level.


 * The number of Normal Priority Actions you have used.

Always think of them on the scale of a a period of 7 days. This period begins on the day of your subscription.

At the beginning of the period, you have 1000 MPA. Your priority level is 10. Once you use up all your MPA, you start using Normal Priority Actions. Every action used reduces your priority level by 0.01, or 1 per 100 actions.

After 1000 Normal Priority Actions in a single 7-day period, your Priority Level will be 0. The lower the priority level, the more you'll need to wait to receive a response from the AI. If your priority level is 0, you can still get responses, just at a slower pace.

At the beginning of a new 7-day period, your MPA are refilled, and your Priority Level set back to 10. If you have remaining MPA, you keep 20% of your unspent weekly stipend. This means a maximum of 200 if you have not used any.

When your subscription renews, you lose all carry-over MPAs. Make sure you use them!

If you are subscribed to Opus tier, you have unlimited MPA.

AI Writing Essentials
This section will explain what you need to know about typing with the AI, which is different to typing on your own.

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Prompting


You begin your story by Prompting the AI. The Prompt is easily the most important thing you will write, because this the only thing the AI will be able to work with, even with all the information in Author's Note and Memory.

A Prompt may be as long as you wish. It can be a single word, or several paragraphs long.

Priming (X-Shotting)


The AI will read your Prompt and try to discern several types of information.


 * Writing format. (Prose? Verse?)


 * Writing style. (How are your sentences built?)


 * Writing Perspective. (Who is speaking? Using what person?)


 * Lexical fields. (What vocabulary is used?)


 * Tonal elements. (What helps convey emotion and tone?)


 * Situational components. (Environment, characters, etc)

As a result, the way you write the Prompt will directly affect how the AI will respond. It will attempt to replicate your style to the best of its ability.

The more data you give to the AI, the better it can do this. This is known as Priming or increasing the number of shots. A Shot in AI terminology is basically an example. The more examples it has, the better.

Having many shots might be detrimental to creativity if you're not sure of where to go. Sometimes it's good to give it as little as possible and let it improvise!

Dangling Prompts
The AI will go off of the last Token you provided. If it is the end of a sentence, it will start a new one.

However, if you end a Prompt like this:

He pulls the curtain aside and is blinded by a bright light. After he gets used to the brightness, he

The AI will try to complete your sentence. You can do this at any point in your story, not just at the end of the Prompt. This is very useful for guiding the AI into doing specific actions.

Perspective
If you used similar services to NovelAI, you're likely used to using Second Person Perspective. This is when the main character is referred to as You and everyone else in third person (He/She/It).

NovelAIs model is trained mostly on literature written in First Person and Third Person'. Second person can work, but is likely to perform less reliably.

First Person
First person acts as if the main character is you. You are speaking, thinking, and acting, as if talking to yourself. As a result, your pronoun will be I.

Everyone else will be referred to using their name or third person pronouns: He, She, It or They.

Second Person
Second person acts as if someone that has no presence in the story is describing the story to you directly.

As a result, the main character is referred to as You like in a text adventure game. (Think of 'Zork'.) Everyone else is referred to by their name or a third person pronoun: He, She, It or They.

Third Person
Third person acts as if someone that has no presence in the story is describing the story without speaking to you directly.

As a result, everyone is referred to by their name or a third person pronoun: He, She, It or They.

Prose, Verse and Writing structure
Prose is text that is written without a particular structure. Verse is based on a structure of length, rhythm or rhyme. (There are exceptions, but this is the gist of it.)

NovelAI can recognize the difference between common structures. If you start writing a poem using stanzas, it will attempt to replicate it. This works for a myriad of things: Haikus, Sonnets, and even theatrical plays!

Keep in mind the AI has no concept of phonetics and thus doesn't know how to rhyme or how to use an accent meter (like Shakespeare). You'll need to curate output heavily.

Non-prose formats might need a lot of shots to perform well.

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Formats
A format is the term used in AI writing to refer to a specific way of writing and organize information to maximize its impact on the AI. This is almost exclusively for the Author's Note and Lore Book. Think of it as 'speaking to the AI' in a way that the AI can understand better.

The purpose of using Formats in Author's Note and Lore Book is to help them influence the AI's output more strongly, reducing how many retries you may need to have the AI give you an output you find appropriate.

It's important to note that with NAI's large context window, using formats is not necessary most of the time. You can write your Author's Note and Lore Book entries in natural prose. Just be aware of the following points:


 * The use and combination of adjectives with specific words (style, prose, theme, situation'¦) is important.


 * Consistency in how you organize information is important.


 * Focus strongly on the specific things that you want. Vocabulary is important.


 * Commas, semicolons, periods and square brackets especially have a strong effect. Punctuation is important.

Keep in mind that formats are not magic. NAI does not specifically support nor recommend any format. Feel free to explore what has been researched and use what you feel is best for you.

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Data and Privacy
This section will explain the basics of what you should know about the security of your information with NovelAI.

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Storage
Stories used with NovelAI can be stored either locally or remotely, depending on the user choice. By default, all your Stories are stored locally.

Local Storage
By default, NovelAI stores your stories locally, in your browser's indexed database. If you have heard of cookies, this is similar, but not quite the same thing.

This implies the following:


 * Your stories are only stored on the current device. If you switch to your phone, or another computer, you won't have access to them.
 * If you deny all third party data (by using private/incognito mode), NovelAI will not be able to store anything, which means the story will disappear when you close the tab.
 * If you purge your browser data, all your local stories will be deleted.

Managing Your Local Storage


At the bottom of the options Tab, you can export your story to your clipboard or to a file in JSON for importing. You can also delete the story if you want.

You can import JSON files or simply drag and drop them to the window.

Stories exported in JSON will preserve their Memory, Author's Note, and Lore Book Entries. Plaintext will not.

Serverside Storage
You can opt to store your story on the server. This will let you access it on any device from your account.

Simply check the box above the import options labelled Remote Storage to make it switch from Local Storage to Serverside Storage.

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Data Privacy
One of the chief concerns in the creation of NovelAI was ensuring a high standard of privacy for user data.

Wait, NovelAI Staff can read my content?!
No, NovelAI staff cannot read your stories.

Encryption
The only parts of the process that have any access to unencrypted content are the backend and the processing Cloud GPU. While the requests aren't encrypted, they only contain the context, and no other identifying data as a default. NovelAI's servers also do not log any of these requests unless you specifically ask them to for debugging purposes.

The encryption is done on your machine. The server has no control over it. Developers are able to request the email address associated with a specific subscription plan ID.

Keep in mind that exported content is unencrypted! Don't share things you don't want to be made public!

For further details about how the Encryption works, read project lead Kurumuz's Open Beta blogpost, which explains it more thoroughly.

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Customization


Themes allow you to bring a high level of customization to your NovelAI experience. Themes allow you to instantly change the look of the entire front end with the click of a button! There are a number of Themes to choose, all available in the Customization section of the Options Menu, accessible from the Story Library pane.

The Themes area also allows you to adjust your font size, as well as the paragraph indent. The indent causes every new paragraph to begin to the right of other text by the amount specified in the setting.

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